Translating and transliterating titles

Sometimes titles of a release, recording or work need to be translated for customers speaking a different language or transliterated for customers using a different alphabet. The “Phantom of the Opera” might be called “Το Φάντασμα της Όπερας” in Greek, “Le Fantôme de l'Opéra” in French or “شبح الأوبرا” in Arabic. This can be communicated, in ERN for example as

In some cases it may be important or helpful to know which of these titles is the “original”, i.e. the version that is not translated or transliterated.

ERN 4.3 introduces a flag IsInOriginalLanguage that allows signalling which of these tags contains the “original” (in the sense introduced by the previous paragraph) title so that the recipient can choose that title in case it needs to use the information in a territory or language not covered by the data provided:

<DisplayTitle LanguageAndScriptCode="fr" IsInOriginalLanguage="true">
    <TitleText>Le Fantôme de l'Opéra</TitleText>
</DisplayTitle>

Note that if an additional title with a TitleType of OriginalTitle is present, this indicates that the DisplayTitle is an updated title that has been translated. And, of course, translations of the OriginalTitle may also be given:

<AdditionalTitle TitleType="OriginalTitle" LanguageAndScriptCode="en">
    <TitleText>Funny Girl</TitleText>
</AdditionalTitle>
<AdditionalTitle LanguageAndScriptCode="en" IsInOriginalLanguage="true">
    <TitleText>Fanny Brice</TitleText>
</AdditionalTitle>
 
<AdditionalTitle TitleType="OriginalTitle" LanguageAndScriptCode="fr">
    <TitleText>Fille drôle</TitleText>
</AdditionalTitle>
 
<AdditionalTitle LanguageAndScriptCode="fr">
    <TitleText>Fanny</TitleText>
</AdditionalTitle>

ERN-3 as well as older versions of ERN-4 do not have this flag. (Note in ERN-3, the display title would be communicated in a Title composite with a TitleType of DisplayTitle). ERN-3 also has the TitleType of OriginalTitle. ERN-4 has an AdditionalTitle tag instead.

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